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| Entry |
Section | Phoneme Illustrated | Orthography | English Gloss |
Notes |
| 1 |
1.2.2.1.2. |
s |
seu |
to roast |
diacritic below /a̭/ and /o̭/ indicates pharyngeal friction |
| 2 |
|
|
sem |
to pick up (with fingers) |
|
| 3 |
|
|
sarakhwe |
to disperse |
|
| 4 |
|
|
sã |
powder (body) |
|
| 5 |
|
|
keisi |
much |
|
| 6 |
|
|
twasĩ |
last |
|
| 7 |
|
|
ǀho-se |
mirror |
|
| 8 |
|
|
sara |
dust |
|
| 9 |
|
|
si |
they |
|
| 10 |
|
|
soi |
file (n.) |
|
| 11 |
|
z |
za |
to fill |
|
| 12 |
|
|
zeĩ |
to agree |
|
| 13 |
|
|
ze |
new |
|
| 14 |
|
|
zem |
tortoise |
|
| 15 |
|
|
zo̭ma |
bow (n.) |
|
| 16 |
|
|
za̭rugo |
mamba |
|
| 17 |
|
|
zeru |
cigarette |
|
| 18 |
|
|
zao |
water pipe |
|
| 19 |
|
|
zaha |
saw (n.) |
|
| 20 |
|
|
zere |
peanut |
|
| 21 |
|
ʃ |
weše |
all |
|
| 22 |
|
|
šao |
broad |
|
| 23 |
|
|
šwi |
light in weight |
|
| 24 |
|
|
šã-ǀema |
day of rest |
|
| 25 |
|
|
šeredom |
hunting knife |
|
| 26 |
|
|
šete |
again |
|
| 27 |
|
|
kxʼeiše |
first |
|
| 28 |
|
|
šeuǁwa |
tape recorder |
|
| 29 |
|
|
sãmanga |
meally |
|
| 30 |
|
|
šoro |
to surround |
|
| 31 |
|
ʒ |
žomm |
to roll |
|
| 32 |
|
|
ži |
to tell a lie |
|
| 33 |
|
|
žo |
black |
|
| 34 |
|
|
ža̭m |
lean |
|
| 35 |
|
|
žao |
blind |
|
| 36 |
|
|
Žuǀʼhwã |
Bushman |
|
| 37 |
|
|
žoro |
cocoon |
|
| 38 |
|
|
žoma |
centipede |
|
| 39 |
|
|
žu |
person |
|
| 40 |
|
|
ža̭m |
Thunbergia species |
|
| 41 |
|
x |
xoroxoro |
pensile (fruit) |
|
| 42 |
|
|
nǃaxara |
velum |
|
| 43 |
|
|
xei |
to break |
|
| 44 |
|
|
xwana |
to boil (water) |
|
| 45 |
|
|
xore |
thong |
|
| 46 |
|
|
xuru |
Adam's apple |
|
| 47 |
|
|
xei |
bread |
|
| 48 |
|
|
xuni |
kambro |
|
| 49 |
|
|
ǁʼeixa |
rich person |
|
| 50 |
|
|
xomxom |
to dry (hands with soil) |
|
| 51 |
|
h / ɦ |
ho |
to find |
|
| 52 |
|
|
hore |
to hate |
|
| 53 |
|
|
kamaha |
firstly |
|
| 54 |
|
|
huuhara |
flamingo |
|
| 55 |
|
|
hem |
to take a bite |
|
| 56 |
|
|
huʼuru |
Cucmis species |
|
| 57 |
|
|
ǂokahaã |
lilac breasted roller |
|
| 58 |
|
|
ǁabaha |
palm (tree) |
|
| 59 |
|
|
ǁaoha |
hawk species |
|
| 60 |
|
|
ho |
to accept |
|
| 61 |
1.2.2.1.3. |
m |
mama |
grandmother |
|
| 62 |
|
|
tsem |
to stalk |
|
| 63 |
|
|
meni |
to answer |
|
| 64 |
|
|
nǃom |
to ripen |
|
| 65 |
|
|
ǁxem |
to follow |
|
| 66 |
|
|
gǃoma |
music bow |
|
| 67 |
|
|
kxʼoma |
to break |
|
| 68 |
|
|
ǁama |
to come from |
|
| 69 |
|
|
kamakama |
to glow |
|
| 70 |
|
|
dutama |
to fail |
|
| 71 |
|
ʔm |
ʼm |
to eat |
|
| 72 |
|
|
ʼmsi |
food |
|
| 73 |
|
mː |
nǀhemm |
to dance of women |
|
| 74 |
|
|
žomm |
to surround |
|
| 75 |
|
|
gǁhomm |
club |
|
| 76 |
|
|
nǂhemm |
to push |
|
| 77 |
|
|
ǂʼhomm |
to dip food in gravy |
|
| 78 |
|
|
ǁhemm |
to give birth |
|
| 79 |
|
|
ǁʼhemm |
to ambush |
|
| 80 |
|
|
ǃhemm |
far |
|
| 81 |
|
|
nǂhemm |
to be aexhausted |
|
| 82 |
|
|
ǀʼhomm |
black hairpaste |
|
| 83 |
|
m.m |
nemʼm |
korhaan |
period marks interruption feature |
| 84 |
|
|
nǁomʼm |
to lick |
|
| 85 |
|
|
nǂemʼm |
to cane |
|
| 86 |
|
|
ǃomʼm |
to splice |
|
| 87 |
|
|
nǃomʼm |
navel |
|
| 88 |
|
|
ǁemʼm |
to pour out water |
|
| 89 |
|
|
ǂomʼm |
spring hare (baby) |
|
| 90 |
|
|
gǁomʼm |
to give much milk (cow) |
|
| 91 |
|
|
ǃemʼm |
to peel off |
|
| 92 |
|
|
gomʼm |
gum (of acacia) |
|
| 93 |
|
m̭.m̭ |
m̭ʼm |
to suckle |
diacritic under /m̭/ indicates pharygeal feature |
| 94 |
|
|
gǂo̭mʼm̭ |
to strangle |
|
| 95 |
|
|
ǁom̭ʼmǁo̭ma |
to rinse mouth |
|
| 96 |
|
|
ǁxeridam̭ʼm |
swallow (n.) |
|
| 97 |
|
|
nǂam̭ʼm |
to step into mud or faeces |
|
| 98 |
|
mɦ |
tsʼeamhi |
small |
|
| 99 |
|
|
ǂʼaamhi |
snakes |
|
| 100 |
|
|
kaomhiya |
blue wildebeest |
|
| 101 |
|
|
ǀxʼorohm |
few |
|
| 102 |
|
|
nǃunǃurimhi |
fireflies |
|
| 103 |
|
n |
na |
give to me! |
|
| 104 |
|
|
ǁʼeni |
to bolt down |
|
| 105 |
|
|
na̭na̭ni |
loose |
|
| 106 |
|
|
khoninikha |
pumpkin |
|
| 107 |
|
|
nǃa̭na |
kraal |
|
| 108 |
|
|
ǂeni |
to finish |
|
| 109 |
|
|
nenibe |
mosquito |
|
| 110 |
|
|
ka̭aniǀei |
pig |
|
| 111 |
|
|
na̭ni |
needle |
|
| 112 |
|
|
ǁʼeni |
seat of a car |
|
| 113 |
|
ŋ |
nǂʼheng |
dolfwood tree |
|
| 114 |
|
|
nǃʼheng |
dodge, duck |
|
| 115 |
|
|
nǀʼeng |
delicious |
|
| 116 |
|
|
nǂʼeng |
ostrich nail |
|
| 117 |
|
|
ǂʼheng |
to gossip |
|
| 118 |
|
|
nǃeng |
eland |
|
| 119 |
|
|
nǁeng |
take! |
|
| 120 |
|
|
nǂeng |
python |
|
| 121 |
|
|
nǀeng |
Grewia species |
|
| 122 |
|
|
ǂʼeng |
to think |
|
| 123 |
|
ṋ |
nǂeṋg |
Acacia fleckii |
|
| 124 |
1.2.2.1.4. |
ɾ / r / ɹ / ɭ |
kheru |
razor blade |
|
| 125 |
|
|
korekore |
to heat (food) |
|
| 126 |
|
|
šoro |
tobacco |
|
| 127 |
|
|
nǃarekxʼem |
to groan |
|
| 128 |
|
|
ǃhara |
to split |
|
| 129 |
|
|
kheru |
to descend |
|
| 130 |
|
|
ǃoro |
big hole |
|
| 131 |
|
|
nǃeri |
to drive (a car) |
|
| 132 |
|
|
nǂa̭ara |
to leak (roof) |
|
| 133 |
|
|
sara |
to adjourn |
|
| 134 |
1.2.2.1.5. |
w |
wi |
to help |
|
| 135 |
|
|
we |
come! |
|
| 136 |
|
|
wa |
story |
|
| 137 |
|
|
gǀwa̭e |
to strain (tea) |
|
| 138 |
|
|
wi |
Loranthus species |
|
| 139 |
|
|
weše |
all |
|
| 140 |
|
|
waãhe |
all |
|
| 141 |
|
|
kwa̭e |
sandy area |
|
| 142 |
|
|
ka̭yã |
to gossip |
|
| 143 |
|
j |
ǀxʼaeya |
to visit |
|
| 144 |
|
|
yereyere |
to measure |
|
| 145 |
|
|
ǁʼhwiya |
to drip (water) |
|
| 146 |
|
|
eiya |
Mother |
|
| 147 |
|
|
koamhiya |
blue wildebeest |
|
| 148 |
|
|
yoba |
sugar cane |
|
| 149 |
|
|
yeye |
mosquito |
|
| 150 |
|
|
ya? |
pardon? |
|
| 151 |
1.2.2.2.1. |
ǂ |
ǂwa |
to copy |
|
| 152 |
|
|
ǂeni |
to cost |
|
| 153 |
|
|
ǂara |
friend |
|
| 154 |
|
|
ǂoma-ǃʼoǃʼoro |
elephant shrew |
|
| 155 |
|
|
ǃwaǂe |
ear |
|
| 156 |
|
|
ǂõ |
ant-lion |
|
| 157 |
|
|
ǂo |
blame, debt |
|
| 158 |
|
|
ǂeǂe |
to listen |
|
| 159 |
|
|
ǂeu |
giraffe |
|
| 160 |
|
|
ǂwa |
giraffe |
|
| 161 |
|
ǂʔ |
ǂʼeng |
to think |
|
| 162 |
|
|
ǂʼei |
to ladle water |
|
| 163 |
|
|
ǂʼeũ |
enough |
|
| 164 |
|
|
ǂʼore |
biceps |
|
| 165 |
|
|
ǂʼaǃo |
head |
|
| 166 |
|
|
ǂʼwi |
caracol |
|
| 167 |
|
|
ǂʼem |
south |
|
| 168 |
|
|
ǂʼokxʼobo |
afterbirth |
|
| 169 |
|
|
ǂʼama |
sticky |
|
| 170 |
|
|
ǂʼaǂʼama |
to gather |
|
| 171 |
|
gǂ |
gǂwi |
spring hare hook |
|
| 172 |
|
|
gǂom |
to be silent |
|
| 173 |
|
|
gǂõgǂõše |
brown ant species |
|
| 174 |
|
|
gǂe |
white stork |
|
| 175 |
|
|
gǂa |
old |
|
| 176 |
|
|
gǂuʼu |
millet |
|
| 177 |
|
|
gǂa |
to lie down |
|
| 178 |
|
|
gǂwa |
soap |
|
| 179 |
|
|
gǂei |
wrist |
|
| 180 |
|
|
gǂobo |
to be clogged |
|
| 181 |
|
ǂx |
ǂxeu |
to rub, shine |
|
| 182 |
|
|
ǂxemi |
to console |
|
| 183 |
|
|
ǂxwa |
to advocate |
|
| 184 |
|
|
ǂxeũǂxenu |
to slip |
|
| 185 |
|
|
ǂxeiǂxei |
to awake |
|
| 186 |
|
|
ǂxã |
distant |
|
| 187 |
|
|
ǂxae |
daughter |
|
| 188 |
|
|
ǂxwaǂʼa |
sugar cane |
|
| 189 |
|
|
ǂxanu |
book |
|
| 190 |
|
|
ǂxei |
afternoon |
|
| 191 |
|
ǂxʔ |
ǂxʼeri |
to urinate |
|
| 192 |
|
|
ǂxʼabo |
to affix |
|
| 193 |
|
|
ǂxʼeni-gogo |
leech |
|
| 194 |
|
|
ǂxʼabo |
to glue |
|
| 195 |
|
|
ǂxʼao |
north |
|
| 196 |
|
|
ǂxʼao |
moist |
|
| 197 |
|
|
ǂxʼeni |
to glue |
|
| 198 |
|
gǂɣ |
gǂxeĩǁʼha |
genital area |
|
| 199 |
|
|
nǂatsʼigǂxama |
Puppalea lappacea |
|
| 200 |
|
|
nǃanagǂxu |
Indigofera species |
|
| 201 |
|
|
gǂxare |
to thresh |
|
| 202 |
|
|
gǂxom |
to lose leaves in autumn |
|
| 203 |
|
gǂxʔ |
gǂxʼoni |
steenbuck |
|
| 204 |
|
|
gǂxʼom |
to strangle |
|
| 205 |
|
|
gǂxʼoiše |
caracol |
|
| 206 |
|
|
ǃʼeng-gǂxʼem |
phthisis |
|
| 207 |
|
|
gǂxʼaro |
duiker |
|
| 208 |
|
|
gǂxʼa-kxʼo |
glay pot |
|
| 209 |
|
|
gǂxʼa |
mud, clay |
|
| 210 |
|
|
gǂxʼoi |
to break surface |
|
| 211 |
|
ǂh / ǂɦ |
ǂhwe |
to uproot |
|
| 212 |
|
|
ǂhana |
to abrade |
|
| 213 |
|
|
ǂhana |
bald |
|
| 214 |
|
|
ǂhei |
many |
|
| 215 |
|
|
ǂhoǂho |
to exchange |
|
| 216 |
|
|
ǂhaa |
open plain |
|
| 217 |
|
|
ǂhae |
spur (fowl) |
|
| 218 |
|
|
ǂhuu |
to die |
|
| 219 |
|
|
ǂhei |
malaria |
|
| 220 |
|
|
ǂhao |
to lack, to fall short |
|
| 221 |
|
ǂʔh / ǂʔɦ |
ǂʼhuu |
side |
|
| 222 |
|
|
ǂʼheu |
edible part of Grewia berry |
|
| 223 |
|
|
ǂʼheri |
to peel a hard nut |
|
| 224 |
|
|
ǂʼheng |
to gossip |
|
| 225 |
|
|
ǂʼhã |
to gather veldkos |
|
| 226 |
|
|
ǂʼhom |
pimple |
|
| 227 |
|
|
ǂʼhem |
to close one eye |
|
| 228 |
|
|
ǂʼha |
arm |
|
| 229 |
|
|
ǂʼhaaǂʼhama |
to steal |
|
| 230 |
|
|
ǂʼhengma |
falcon |
|
| 231 |
|
gǂɦ |
gǂhoo |
spring hare |
|
| 232 |
|
|
gǂhaakhwe |
secretary bird |
|
| 233 |
|
|
gǂhaa |
to rely on |
|
| 234 |
|
gǂʔɦ |
gǂʼhu |
to dry hands with grass |
|
| 235 |
|
|
gǂʼhwa-nǂa̭a |
jackal |
|
| 236 |
|
|
gǂʼhĩ-gǃeũ-gǃenu |
rainbow |
|
| 237 |
|
|
gǂʼhaã |
long ago |
|
| 238 |
|
|
gǂʼhwĩ |
dog |
|
| 239 |
|
|
gǂʼhwa |
dog |
|
| 240 |
|
ǃ |
ǃwi |
to rot |
|
| 241 |
|
|
ǃwa |
to command |
|
| 242 |
|
|
ǃae |
to carry on the shoulder |
|
| 243 |
|
|
ǃura |
to carry on the head |
|
| 244 |
|
|
ǃuǂʼem |
to carry on the head |
|
| 245 |
|
|
ǃwi |
sister |
|
| 246 |
|
|
ǃUnǃaʼa |
Grandfather |
|
| 247 |
|
|
ǃuǃu-ǃʼo-gǂeʼĩ |
mamba |
|
| 248 |
|
|
ǃuʼu |
ostrich |
|
| 249 |
|
|
ǃei |
to die |
|
| 250 |
|
ǃʔ |
ǃʼeng |
to try |
|
| 251 |
|
|
ǃʼeu |
to call |
|
| 252 |
|
|
ǃʼo |
to cover |
|
| 253 |
|
|
ǃʼoma |
deaf |
|
| 254 |
|
|
ǂheu-ǃʼo-ǃʼoro |
kidney |
|
| 255 |
|
|
ǂoma-ǃʼoǃʼoro |
elephant shrew |
|
| 256 |
|
|
ǃhuʼi-ǃʼu |
cigarette |
|
| 257 |
|
|
ǃʼem |
bead |
|
| 258 |
|
|
ǃʼu |
bone |
|
| 259 |
|
|
ǃʼu |
long-eared fox |
|
| 260 |
|
gǃ |
gǃ |
blue wildebeest |
|
| 261 |
|
|
gǃei |
to sew |
|
| 262 |
|
|
gǃom |
to keep something in the cheek |
|
| 263 |
|
|
gǃao |
to gather veldkos for a few days |
|
| 264 |
|
|
gǃem |
to hide something |
|
| 265 |
|
|
gǃei |
puff adder |
|
| 266 |
|
|
gǃeʼi |
cleanly washed |
|
| 267 |
|
|
gǃo |
ostrich |
|
| 268 |
|
|
gǃoni |
to adjust (an instrument) |
|
| 269 |
|
|
gǃo̭mʼm |
poison |
|
| 270 |
|
ǃx |
ǃxwana |
to live at |
|
| 271 |
|
|
ǃxeu |
to refuse |
|
| 272 |
|
|
ǃxem |
to make porridge |
|
| 273 |
|
|
ǃxwekxʼem |
to help |
|
| 274 |
|
|
ǃxom |
to clothe |
|
| 275 |
|
|
ǃxei |
to cut |
|
| 276 |
|
|
ǃxore |
anus |
|
| 277 |
|
|
ǃxo |
unlucky |
|
| 278 |
|
|
ǃxao |
hippopotamus |
|
| 279 |
|
|
ǃxo |
pipe (smoking) |
|
| 280 |
|
ǃxʔ |
ǃxʼeri |
to dry |
|
| 281 |
|
|
ǃxʼeu |
to be dry |
|
| 282 |
|
|
ǃxʼem |
to bolt down |
|
| 283 |
|
|
ǃxʼwa |
bloodletting horn |
|
| 284 |
|
|
ǃxʼei |
loin cloth (male) |
|
| 285 |
|
|
ǃxʼoi |
dog |
|
| 286 |
|
|
ǃxʼa |
heart |
|
| 287 |
|
|
kxʼa-ǃxʼamaǃxʼare |
aardvark |
|
| 288 |
|
|
ǃxʼem |
to pull mouth sideways |
|
| 289 |
|
|
ǃxʼore |
to joke |
|
| 290 |
|
gǃɣ |
gǃxa |
to take out |
|
| 291 |
|
|
gǃxuni |
to throw an assegai |
|
| 292 |
|
|
gǃxunu |
to snore |
|
| 293 |
|
|
gǃxu |
to breathe loudly |
|
| 294 |
|
|
gǃxom |
multi-colored |
|
| 295 |
|
|
gǃwaa |
Fockea species |
|
| 296 |
|
|
gǃxeũ |
Lapeyrousia species |
|
| 297 |
|
|
gǃxwa |
knee |
|
| 298 |
|
|
gǃxuni |
to snore |
|
| 299 |
|
gǃɣʔ |
gǃxʼoo |
to be pregnant |
|
| 300 |
|
|
gǃxʼaa |
coarse |
|
| 301 |
|
|
gǃxʼõ |
aardvark |
|
| 302 |
|
|
gǃxʼeru |
leopard |
|
| 303 |
|
|
gǀaʼa-gǃxʼebi |
eyelashes |
|
| 304 |
|
|
gǃxʼa-ǃʼuwa |
rib |
|
| 305 |
|
|
gǃxʼeuše |
pied babbler |
|
| 306 |
|
|
gǃxʼare |
tick |
|
| 307 |
|
|
gǃxʼõ |
to stretch oneself |
|
| 308 |
|
|
gǃxʼo |
to barge through |
|
| 309 |
|
ǃh / ǃɦ |
ǃhei |
to wait |
|
| 310 |
|
|
ǃhara |
to crack |
|
| 311 |
|
|
ǃhu-ǃeʼu |
beast |
|
| 312 |
|
|
ǃheri |
duiker |
|
| 313 |
|
|
ǃhara |
meat |
|
| 314 |
|
|
ǃhaoǃharo |
whirlwind |
|
| 315 |
|
|
gǀwi-ǃha |
kudu |
|
| 316 |
|
|
ǃhebi |
wife |
|
| 317 |
|
|
ǃheni |
palm tree |
|
| 318 |
|
|
ǃhwi |
telephone |
|
| 319 |
|
ǃʔh / ǃʔɦ |
ǃʼho |
to deflate |
|
| 320 |
|
|
ǃʼhu |
to search for veldkos |
|
| 321 |
|
|
ǃʼhae |
fast |
|
| 322 |
|
|
ǃʼhã |
son |
|
| 323 |
|
|
ǃʼheu |
brown hyena |
|
| 324 |
|
|
ǃʼhei |
hare |
|
| 325 |
|
|
ǀhwe-ǃʼheuǃʼheu |
zebra |
|
| 326 |
|
|
ǃʼhei |
steering wheel |
|
| 327 |
|
|
ǃʼhã |
well (n.) |
|
| 328 |
|
|
ǃʼhwã |
spoor |
|
| 329 |
|
gǃɦ |
gǃhei |
tadpole |
|
| 330 |
|
|
gǃheĩ |
to shake out pipe |
|
| 331 |
|
|
gǃhei |
chin |
|
| 332 |
|
|
gǃheĩ |
tree |
|
| 333 |
|
gǃʔɦ |
gǃʼhoo |
to sit |
|
| 334 |
|
|
gǃʼheni |
a tie |
|
| 335 |
|
|
gǃʼhwe |
Grewia species |
|
| 336 |
|
|
gǃʼhooǃʼoni |
Xemenia species |
|